دانشگاه اصفهان زیست شناسی میکروبی 3060-7647 14 56 2026 02 20 Fatty Acids metabolism in Stress Condition by Halotolerant Bacillus: Extraction and Application Fatty Acids metabolism in Stress Condition by Halotolerant Bacillus: Extraction and Application 1 14 29959 10.22108/bjm.2025.146090.1643 FA Zahra Fathi Hassanabadi Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani University, Isfahan, Iran Maryam Jalili Tabaii Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani University, Isfahan, Iran Shekoofeh Sadat Etemadzadeh Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran Giti Emtiazi Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran Journal Article 2025 07 26 Halotolerant <em>Bacillus</em> species, like other bacteria, adapt to stress conditions by modifying their fatty acid profiles to maintain membrane integrity. In this study, the fatty acid profiles of <em>Bacillus</em> <em>halotolerans</em> were investigated under stress conditions induced by lead (0.1% Pb), glycerol (0.1%), sodium chloride (0.1% NaCl), silver (0.05 ppm), and iron (0.1 ppm) nanoparticles. Fourier Transform Infrared and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry were employed to characterize the metabolic responses and identify the produced fatty acids. Among the applied stress conditions, the lead-containing environment exhibited the highest level of fatty acid production (71.5 mg/L) and diversity. Also, different kinds of fatty acids with different applications were detected like omega-3 (α-Linolenic acid and Eicosapentaenoic acid), omega-6 (γ-Linolenic acid and Linoleic acid), myristoleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, cis-hexadecenoic, cis-octadecenoic acid, and so on. These compounds are applicable in the pharmaceutical, medical, cosmetic, and food industries, whereas other fatty acids produced, such as biodiesel and its derivatives, also serve a wide range of purposes. Halotolerant <em>Bacillus</em> species, like other bacteria, adapt to stress conditions by modifying their fatty acid profiles to maintain membrane integrity. In this study, the fatty acid profiles of <em>Bacillus</em> <em>halotolerans</em> were investigated under stress conditions induced by lead (0.1% Pb), glycerol (0.1%), sodium chloride (0.1% NaCl), silver (0.05 ppm), and iron (0.1 ppm) nanoparticles. Fourier Transform Infrared and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry were employed to characterize the metabolic responses and identify the produced fatty acids. Among the applied stress conditions, the lead-containing environment exhibited the highest level of fatty acid production (71.5 mg/L) and diversity. Also, different kinds of fatty acids with different applications were detected like omega-3 (α-Linolenic acid and Eicosapentaenoic acid), omega-6 (γ-Linolenic acid and Linoleic acid), myristoleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, cis-hexadecenoic, cis-octadecenoic acid, and so on. These compounds are applicable in the pharmaceutical, medical, cosmetic, and food industries, whereas other fatty acids produced, such as biodiesel and its derivatives, also serve a wide range of purposes. https://bjm.ui.ac.ir/article_29959_8009ecf3beb741975618fd2f7d130d1a.pdf